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至顶网服务器频道基于反向代理的Web缓存加速现代理服务器

基于反向代理的Web缓存加速现代理服务器

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本文介绍了基于反向代理的Web缓存加速现代理服务器。

2006年12月8日

关键字: 缓存 web 反向代理

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    ZDNetChina服务器站 操作系统技巧

    基于Apache mod_proxy的反向代理缓存加速实现

  Apache包含了mod_proxy模块,可以用来实现代理服务器,针对后台服务器的反向加速
  安装apache 1.3.x 编译时:

  --enable-shared=max --enable-module=most
  注:Apache 2.x中mod_proxy已经被分离成mod_proxy和mod_cache:同时mod_cache有基于文件和基于内存的不同实现

  创建/var/www/proxy,设置apache服务所用户可写mod_proxy配置样例:反相代理缓存+缓存

  架设前台的www.example.com反向代理后台的www.backend.com的8080端口服务。

  修改:httpd.conf
  
  ServerName www.example.com
  ServerAdmin admin@example.com
  # reverse proxy setting
  ProxyPass / http://www.backend.com:8080/
  ProxyPassReverse / http://www.backend.com:8080/
  # cache dir root
  CacheRoot "/var/www/proxy"
  # max cache storage
  CacheSize 50000000
  # hour: every 4 hour
  CacheGcInterval 4
  # max page expire time: hour
  CacheMaxExpire 240
  # Expire time = (now - last_modified) * CacheLastModifiedFactor
  CacheLastModifiedFactor 0.1
  # defalt expire tag: hour
  CacheDefaultExpire 1
  # force complete after precent of content retrived: 60-90%
  CacheForceCompletion 80
  CustomLog /usr/local/apache/logs/dev_access_log combined
  
  
  基于Squid的反向代理加速实现

  Squid是一个更专用的代理服务器,性能和效率会比Apache的mod_proxy高很多。
  如果需要combined格式日志补丁:
  http://www.squid-cache.org/mail-archive/squid-dev/200301/0164.html

  squid的编译:

  ./configure --enable-useragent-log --enable-referer-log --enable-default-err-language=Simplify_Chinese --enable-err-languages="Simplify_Chinese English" --disable-internal-dns 
  make
  #make install
  #cd /usr/local/squid
  make dir cache
  chown squid.squid *
  vi /usr/local/squid/etc/squid.conf
  在/etc/hosts中:加入内部的DNS解析,比如:
  192.168.0.4 www.chedong.com
  192.168.0.4 news.chedong.com
  192.168.0.3 bbs.chedong.com
  ---------------------cut here----------------------------------
  # visible name
  visible_hostname cache.example.com
  # cache config: space use 1G and memory use 256M
  cache_dir ufs /usr/local/squid/cache 1024 16 256
  cache_mem 256 MB
  cache_effective_user squid
  cache_effective_group squid
  
  http_port 80
  httpd_accel_host virtual
  httpd_accel_single_host off
  httpd_accel_port 80
  httpd_accel_uses_host_header on
  httpd_accel_with_proxy on
  # accelerater my domain only
  acl acceleratedHostA dstdomain .example1.com
  acl acceleratedHostB dstdomain .example2.com
  acl acceleratedHostC dstdomain .example3.com
  # accelerater http protocol on port 80
  acl acceleratedProtocol protocol HTTP
  acl acceleratedPort port 80
  # access arc
  acl all src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
  # Allow requests when they are to the accelerated machine AND to the
  # right port with right protocol
  http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostA
  http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostB
  http_access allow acceleratedProtocol acceleratedPort acceleratedHostC
  # logging
  emulate_httpd_log on
  cache_store_log none
  # manager
  acl manager proto cache_object
  http_access allow manager all
  cachemgr_passwd pass all
  
  ----------------------cut here---------------------------------
  创建缓存目录:
  /usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -z
  启动squid
  /usr/local/squid/sbin/squid
  停止squid:
  /usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -k shutdown
  启用新配置:
  /usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -k reconfig
  通过crontab每天0点截断/轮循日志:
  0 0 * * * (/usr/local/squid/sbin/squid -k rotate)
  
  附:SQUID性能测试试验
  phpMan.php是一个基于php的man page server,每个man
  page需要调用后台的man命令和很多页面格式化工具,系统负载比较高,提供了Cache
  Friendly的URL,以下是针对同样的页面的性能测试资料:
  测试环境:Redhat 8 on Cyrix 266 / 192M Mem
  测试程序:使用apache的ab(apache benchmark):
  测试条件:请求50次,并发50个连接
  测试项目:直接通过apache 1.3 (80端口) vs squid 2.5(8000端口:加速80端口)
  
  测试1:无CACHE的80端口动态输出:
  ab -n 100 -c 10 http://www.chedong.com:81/phpMan.php/man/kill/1
  This is ApacheBench, Version 1.3d <$Revision: 1.2 $> apache-1.3
  Copyright (c) 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd,
  http://www.zeustech.net/
  Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The Apache Group, http://www.apache.org/
  
  Benchmarking localhost (be patient).....done
  Server Software:   
  Apache/1.3.23                  
  Server Hostname:    localhost
  Server
  Port:     
  80
  
  Document Path:    
  /phpMan.php/man/kill/1
  Document Length:    4655 bytes
  
  Concurrency Level:   5
  Time taken for tests:  63.164 seconds
  Complete requests:   50
  Failed requests:    0
  Broken pipe errors:   0
  Total transferred:   245900 bytes
  HTML transferred:    232750 bytes
  Requests per second:  0.79 [#/sec] (mean)
  Time per request:    6316.40 [ms]
  (mean)
  Time per request:    1263.28 [ms]
  (mean, across all concurrent requests)
  Transfer rate:    
  3.89 [Kbytes/sec] received
  
  Connnection Times (ms)
        
  min mean[+/-sd] median  max
  Connect:    0 
  29 106.1   0  553
  Processing: 2942 6016
  1845.4  6227 10796
  
  Waiting:  
  2941 5999 1850.7  6226 10795
  
  Total:   
  2942 6045 1825.9  6227 10796
  
  Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
   50%  6227
   66%  7069
   75%  7190
   80%  7474
   90%  8195
   95%  8898
   98%  9721
   99% 10796
  100% 10796 (last request)
  
  测试2:SQUID缓存输出
  /home/apache/bin/ab -n50 -c5
  "http://localhost:8000/phpMan.php/man/kill/1"
  This is ApacheBench, Version 1.3d <$Revision: 1.2 $> apache-1.3
  Copyright (c) 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd,
  http://www.zeustech.net/
  Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The Apache Group, http://www.apache.org/
  
  Benchmarking localhost (be patient).....done
  Server Software:   
  Apache/1.3.23                  
  Server Hostname:    localhost
  Server
  Port:     
  8000
  
  Document Path:    
  /phpMan.php/man/kill/1
  Document Length:    4655 bytes
  
  Concurrency Level:   5
  Time taken for tests:  4.265 seconds
  Complete requests:   50
  Failed requests:    0
  Broken pipe errors:   0
  Total transferred:   248043 bytes
  HTML transferred:    232750 bytes
  Requests per second:  11.72 [#/sec] (mean)
  Time per request:    426.50 [ms] (mean)
  Time per request:    85.30 [ms] (mean,
  across all concurrent requests)
  Transfer rate:    
  58.16 [Kbytes/sec] received
  
  Connnection Times (ms)
        
  min mean[+/-sd] median  max
  Connect:   
  0   1 
  9.5   0  68
  Processing:  
  7  83 537.4  
  7 3808
  
  Waiting:   
  5  81 529.1  
  6 3748
  
  Total:    
  7  84 547.0  
  7 3876
  
  Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
   50%   7
   66%   7
   75%   7
   80%   7
   90%   7
   95%   7
   98%   8
   99%  3876
  100%  3876 (last request)
  
  结论:No Cache / Cache = 6045 / 84 = 70

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